Gasification Market Size, Share & Industry Analysis, By Feedstock (Coal, Petroleum, Natural Gas, and Biomass/Waste), By Application (Chemical, Liquid Fuel, Gaseous Fuel, and Power), and Regional Forecast, 2024-2032

The global gasification market size was valued at USD 522.87 billion in 2023. The market is projected to grow from USD 551.92 billion in 2024 to USD 771.91 billion in 2032 at a CAGR of 4.28% over the forecast period (2024-2032).

Gasification is a thermochemical process that converts organic or fossil fuel-based carbonaceous raw materials into carbon monoxide and hydrogen, with a small amount of carbon dioxide and water. Partial oxidation occurs at high temperatures with oxygen, air, or steam. The resulting product is called syngas. Fixed bed gasifiers, entrained-flow gasifiers, and fluidized-bed gasifiers are the major gasifiers used in the process. Increasing global power consumption and growing demand for clean energy are the major factors expected to propel the global market growth from 2021 to 2028.

The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic resulted in a full-scale crisis with the imposition of travel restrictions and the suspension of flights to contain the spread of the virus, which is expected to cut a substantial amount of oil barrels, gas, and coal from the global energy system in 2020 alone. Production of biofuels will be directly impacted by the decline in the demand for road transportation as they are blended with diesel or gasoline under existing blending regulations.

The COVID-19 pandemic is also expected to impact electricity consumption as most countries are in the lockdown phase. Many projects across the globe are facing delays due to COVID-19. For instance, the INR 13,270 crore Talcher Fertilizer Urea Plant project is delayed by six months.

Gasification Market Trends

Increasing Application in Waste Management to Spur Opportunities

Waste management remains a key challenge globally. Every year, agriculture, municipal solid waste, and industrial sectors generate billions of tons of waste. Thermochemical plants can help transform waste management into a revenue opportunity for food processing sectors, dairies, farms, and wastewater treatment industries. The process converts solid and liquid waste materials into synthesis gas (syngas) through a chemical reaction. Further, syngas can be converted into electricity, gas fuels, and other valuable products. With this process, MSW and wastes are no longer useless, but they become feedstocks for a gasifier. Instead of paying to dispose of and manage the waste in a landfill, use it as a feedstock, thus reducing disposal costs and landfill space, and converts those wastes into valuable electricity, fuels, chemicals, or fertilizers.

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Gasification Market Growth Factors

High Demand for Clean Energy to Foster Gasification Market Growth

Tightening environmental regulations globally is accelerating progress towards cleaner and eco-friendly energy generation. Most countries are expanding renewable capacities to minimize reliance on conventional power generation, which requires fossil fuels. Hence, investment in anaerobic digestion plants is increasing continuously. Such plants can help the world both manage its waste and produce the energy and products needed to fuel economic growth. The process also represents significant advances over incineration. Thus, the growing demand for clean energy is expected to drive the global market.

The first mandate for CO2 storage in Europe reduces uncertainty about the infrastructure needed to transport and store CO2 and sends a positive signal to the global CCUS market similar to the enhanced 45Q tax credit included in the U.S. Inflation Reduction Act (IRA). A similar picture is emerging for hydrogen, as consumption permits have been approved in Europe and subsidy auctions are ongoing in Australia, India, the European Union and its member states, and the U.K. The long-awaited highly controversial December 2023 U.S. Treasury guidance on the 45V hydrogen production tax credit will set the framework for investment in the U.S. The growth of hydrogen and biomass market will favor gasification demand in the long run across the clean energy sector.

Expansion of the Coal Industry to Boost Growth

The synthesis gas production is conducted by a different type of feedstock where the most commonly used resource is coal.  The number of coal gasifiers has seen the largest growth in 2017 and 2018 in terms of installations. Additionally, as per the Global Syngas Technologies Council (GSTC) database, coal dominates the number of planned projects under conditions, and the trend continues in 2020 and 2021.

As per the 2019 BP Statistical Review, the output of coal production increased at 4.3% y-o-y during 2018, recording the fastest growth rate in the past five years. Demand for coal also increased by 1.4% y-o-y in 2018. Expansion of the coal industry can be majorly attributed to an increase in the consumption of coal in the power generation sector. The coal industry is expanding rapidly in China, India, and other emerging countries where coal makes up a major part of the energy generation mix. An increase in demand for coal from Eastern Europe and the construction of new coal-based power plants in Poland, Greece, and the Balkan region are other factors driving the market. The seaborne trade of coal also witnessed a recovery in 2017. This trend followed in 2018, with an overall increase in coal imports. The coal industry is likely to expand due to increased demand for power and coal in the industrial sector. Thus, the expansion of the coal industry is expected to boost the growth of the global market.

RESTRAINING FACTORS

High Installation Cost to Hinder Market Growth

Several Asian countries have huge electricity and climate-related issues. Despite the use of conventional coal power plants, coal thermochemical process capacities have not picked up as expected due to the high capital and production costs involved in the process. Integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) coal plants are the prime users of the technology to generate power. The technology is expected to be 35% more expensive than conventional coal technology. Moreover, adding carbon capture and storage (CCS) technology makes it even more expensive. Recently, the United States also suggested that the electricity generation from IGCC plants, with CCS, is likely to cost twice as much as electricity from wind or commercial-scale solar plants.

Gasification Market Segmentation Analysis

By Feedstock Analysis

Coal Feedstock Segment to Hold Dominant Market Share

Based on feedstock, the market is segmented into coal, petroleum, natural gas, and biomass/waste. The coal segment is projected to lead the market in 2019. The thermochemical process harnesses the full energy potential of the feedstock while reducing the costs associated with disposal and environmental impact. Also, the underground coal thermochemical process can further be used for converting coal into valuable gases without mining. Furthermore, the underground coal thermochemical process also eliminates several activities associated with underground coal mining, including coal washing, coal stockpiling, and waste disposal, including ash handling and disposal. Thus, the underground coal thermochemical process is an effective and environment-friendly technique to lower the associated operating costs with the use of coal. This factor will contribute to the growing popularity of coal gasification across both emerging and advanced economies.

Biomass/waste is another major feedstock segment expected to contribute significantly during the forecast period. Biomass offers a possible alternative to coal-based power generation. Due to rising environmental concerns and increasing greenhouse gas emissions, several companies across the globe are now turning towards environment-friendly energy sources. Moreover, the government's support through various policies and regulations and the abundant availability of biomass are some of the other factors that are currently driving this market.

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By Application Analysis

Chemical Application to Hold Dominant Market Share

Based on the application, the market can be divided into chemical, liquid fuel, power, and gaseous fuel. The chemical segment is projected to lead the global market in 2019. Synthesis gas is the primary product of the plant and is used in the manufacturing of various products. The majority of it is consumed in the chemical industry, where ammonia, methanol, liquid fuels, and hydrogen are produced. Chemicals such as methanol are used as an intermediate for the synthesis of many chemicals and fuels.

In terms of revenue, power application is expected to contribute significantly during the forecast period. Increasing demand for electricity across the globe due to rapid industrialization and urbanization is also driving the growth of the market.

REGIONAL INSIGHTS

Geographically, the global market has been analyzed across five key regions, including North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, the Middle East & Africa, and Latin America.

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Asia Pacific is anticipated to lead the industry during the forecast period. The market growth in the Asia Pacific region can be attributed to several factors, such as the rising demand for energy, the presence of significant coal reserves, and the increasing demand for clean energy technologies.

China, India, and Japan are the other major contributors to the Asia Pacific market in terms of revenue. Furthermore, according to the BP Statistical Review 2019, coal production in Asia Pacific stood at 2,853.1 million tons of oil equivalent in 2019. The region accounted for around 73% of the share of global coal production in 2018. The region was also the leading consumer of coal across the globe, with coal consumption amounting to 2,841.3 million tons of oil equivalent in 2018.

A new pilot gasification of coal to produce ammonia has been launched in northwest China's Gansu province, making the production process more environmentally friendly. The Chinese Academy of Sciences, in collaboration with LS Group and the Institute of Engineering Thermophysics in Lanzhou, Gansu province, has developed a circulating fluidized bed boiler (CFB) coal gasification equipment. CFB is an emerging technology for burning coal that enables lower pollutant emissions.

North America and Europe are expected to grow at a moderate pace over the forecast period. Europe has the highest number of biomass gasification plants. By the end of 2020, the gasification capacity of Europe is more than 42,000 MW.

List of Key Companies in Gasification Market

Key Participants Are Concentrating on Expanding Production Capacities

The gasification market is highly fragmented, with the presence of several large-scale players across the world. These include a group of 5-6 key companies with a wider geographic presence. Market players worldwide are prioritizing organic & inorganic developments to reinforce their position in the global market. In addition, companies are expanding their production capacity by setting up new plants and upgrading the existing ones. Highlighting an instance, on April 19, 2021, EQTEC has announced the acquisition and re-commission of a waste-to-energy plant in Italy. The acquisition enables the building of plants around the EQTEC’s proprietary, patented advanced gasification technology. The plant will utilize straw and forestry wood waste from local farms and forests to produce green electricity and heat to use in the local community operation.  In January 2020, Jindal Steel and Power Ltd (JSPL) announced that its coal gasification-based direct reduced iron (DRI) plant at Angul district in Odisha had resumed operation. The facility, which has a production capacity of 1.80 MTPA, had halted its operations due to a scarcity of coal.  

List of Key Companies Profiled:

• Air Liquide (France)


• Shell (Netherlands)


• Mitsubishi Heavy Industries (Japan)


• ANDRITZ (Austria)


• Thyssenkrupp ag (Germany)


• Synthesis Energy Systems, Inc. (U.S.)


• Larsen & Toubro Limited (India)


• Dakota Gasification Company (U.S.)


• EQTEC plc (Ireland)


• GE (U.S.)


• Air Products (U.S.)


• Sedin Engineering Company Limited (China)

KEY INDUSTRY DEVELOPMENTS:

• December 2023- Air Liquide has announced that it will build, own, and operate a global carbon capture facility in the industrial area of ​​Rotterdam, the Netherlands, using its proprietary Cryocap™ technology. The new unit will be installed at the group's hydrogen production plant in the port of Rotterdam and connected to Porthos, one of Europe's largest carbon capture and storage infrastructures, to reduce CO₂ emissions in this large industrial area significantly.


• October 2023- Air Liquide announces the creation of a new platform in Bécancour, Québec, Canada, with an investment of more than 140 million euros, to deliver low-carbon industrial gases such as hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and argon. In addition to the 20 MW PEM electrolyser currently in use at the group, the infrastructure created by Air Liquide will include a new air separation unit producing renewable oxygen and nitrogen and liquid storage capacity, which will be connected to the local pipeline network.


•  January 2022- Indonesian President Joko Widodo has begun construction of a $2.3 billion coal gasification plant to reduce the country's liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) imports and optimize coal reserves. The plant is slated to use 6 million tons of low-grade coal to produce 1.4 tons of dimethyl ether (DME) per year, which could reduce Indonesia's liquefied natural gas imports by a million tons per year, according to state-owned coal mining company Bukit Asam, which is building the plant in partnership with Air Products and Chemicals, Inc. from the United States.


• August 2021 - Mitsubishi Power has participated in a joint study to develop a commercial-scale supply chain for sustainable aviation fuel produce from wood biomass gasification integrated with the FT synthesis technology.


• April 2020 - Larsen & Toubro has secured an order from Wuhan Engineering Ltd, China for coal gasification equipment. The unit will use coal with high ash content and pet coke as its feedstock to produce Urea.

REPORT COVERAGE

The market research report presents a comprehensive assessment of the industry by offering valuable insights, facts, industry-related information, and historical data. Several methodologies and approaches are adopted to make meaningful assumptions and views to formulate the market research report. Furthermore, the report covers a detailed analysis and information per global gasification industry trends, segments, including technology, application, and regions, helping our readers get a comprehensive overview of the global industry.

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